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SUBSTANCE MISUSE, SMOKING AND VAPING

WRITTEN by SERVICES FOR EDUCATION

In this edition around SUBSTANCE MISUSE, SMOKING AND VAPING, we’ll look at:

  • What’s the issue? – an overview of substance misuse, smoking, and vaping, and why these discussions matter for young children.
  • Why Do Young People Experiment? – common reasons and social influences that lead children to try substances.
  • Talking About Choices – age-appropriate conversation starters and tips for discussing these topics.
  • Resisting Peer Pressure – helping children build confidence to say ‘no’ in tricky situations.
  • Signs of Substance Use – what to look for and how to address concerns.
  • Resources and Signposts – where to look for help, advice, and professional support.


WHAT’S THE ISSUE? UNDERSTANDING SUBSTANCE MISUSE IN CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE

Though it may seem early, the ages of 5-11 are when children begin learning about the world around them, including issues like smoking, vaping and alcohol intake, which they might see in the family home, in public or hear about from older friends or family. Understanding the basics of substance misuse, including tobacco and e-cigarettes, is an important part of helping children to grow up healthy and aware.

Here are some common areas where curiosity or peer influence may arise:

  • Vaping: E-cigarettes are often marketed as a safer alternative to smoking, but research has shown that vaping should never be carried out by children or young people. There is some evidence that prolonged use could harm lung health and its nicotine content can lead to addiction. It’s important for children to understand that vaping is not a healthy choice and comes with its own risks.
  • Smoking: Traditional cigarettes contain tobacco and can lead to addiction. Talking about the dangers of smoking can help children understand the long-term impact on health, such as breathing problems and heart issues.
  • Alcohol: Experimentation with alcohol is more common among teens, however, younger children can also be tempted, especially if they socialise within a mixed age group. It is important to remind children that even small amounts can affect brain development and lead to risk-taking behaviour.
  • Substance Misuse: While substance misuse may seem like a topic for older children, cannabis and other illegal drugs can be introduced by peer pressure and curiosity, posing significant health and safety risks.

Teaching children to recognize potentially dangerous substances helps to create a foundation for healthy choices.


WHY DO CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE EXPERIMENT?

It’s natural to wonder why a young person may feel inclined to try substances. Understanding the underlying reasons can help parents approach these conversations with empathy and insight:

  1. Curiosity: The desire to “try something new” is normal, especially as young people observe adults or peers using substances.
  2. Peer Pressure: Friends play a major role in children and teens’ lives, and some may feel pressured to fit in by trying vaping, smoking, or alcohol.
  3. Stress and Coping: Many young people turn to substances as a way to cope with academic pressures, social challenges, family issues or trauma.
  4. Media and Pop Culture: Movies, music, and social media often glamorize substances, making them seem attractive or “cool.”
  5. Availability: Easy access to vaping products, cigarettes and alcohol, increases the likelihood of experimentation. Even with changes in the law (you must be 18yrs or older to buy any of these substances), it is still relatively easy for children to get hold of them. Vapes are particularly accessible, and often have designs and flavours which are encouraging to under-age users.

Understanding these factors can help guide your approach when talking with your child, fostering openness rather than fear or shame.

TALKING ABOUT CHOICES

Prevention is better the cure, especially with regard to substance misuse. The earlier that you can begin to have normalised conversations about our bodies, taking care of them and making healthy choices – the better! It is important therefore to try to create an open, safe space for conversation. Children are naturally curious, so answering their questions early can make a big difference.

Here are some top tips:

  • Start Simple and Be Honest: Use language that’s easy for your child to understand. Explain that smoking, vaping, and certain substances can harm their bodies and that there are healthier choices they can make.
  • Discuss What They Might See: Children may see people smoking or vaping, so explain that while some people choose to do this, it’s not safe or healthy for their bodies. Encourage them to ask questions.
  • Create a Safe Space: Let your child know that they can always come to you with questions about things they see or hear. Emphasise that you’ll answer honestly, even if the topic feels new or difficult.
  • Set Clear Boundaries: Be open about your expectations and the family’s values regarding substances, while explaining the reasons behind these rules.
  • Focus on Health, Not Fear: Rather than relying on scare tactics, explain how healthy choices helps us to feel good, play, and learn better. When children know why something is unhealthy, they’re more likely to make positive choices. Modelling healthy choices yourself, is even more powerful.
  • Stay Calm and Curious: If your child opens up about their views or experiences with substances, listen without immediate judgment. Ask questions to understand their thoughts and feelings.


RESISTING PEER PRESSURE

As children grow, peer influence becomes stronger. Helping them learn to stand by their choices, even when it’s hard, is a valuable skill for life. Here’s how you can support them:

  • Encourage Open Discussion about Peer Pressure: Let them know it’s normal to feel pressured and that you’re there to listen without judgment if they want to talk about it.
  • Discuss Scenarios: Talk through what they can do if they feel pressured. This could include saying they’re not interested or even walking away if something feels wrong.
  • Offer Healthy Alternatives: Encourage activities that offer natural ways to relax, connect with friends, and feel good – sports, creative hobbies, or social clubs.
  • Boost Confidence and Decision-Making Skills: Encourage activities that make your child feel good about themselves and reinforces decision-making based on personal values, health, and well-being rather than trying to impress others. Confidence helps them feel strong in their decisions.
  • Teach them it’s Okay to Ask for Help: Remind your child that if they ever feel uncomfortable, they can always turn to you or another trusted adult for help.


SIGNS OF SUBSTANCE USE

Spotting signs of substance use early can help parents intervene in a supportive way. Not all changes in behaviour point to substance misuse, but certain patterns can indicate a need for attention.

Some examples are listed below:

  • Physical Symptoms: Unexplained coughing, frequent headaches, bloodshot eyes, or changes in eating/sleeping patterns.
  • Behavioural Changes: Sudden mood swings, withdrawal from family, secrecy, or avoiding eye contact.
  • Changes at School: A decline in academic performance or behaviour, becoming frequently absent from school or playing truant.
  • Friendship Groups and Interests: Changes in friends or friendship groups, mixing with older children, a reduced interest in hobbies which they previously enjoyed.

 If you are worried about your child, then talk to your GP, or contact the NSPCC Helpline.

 

SUPER RESOURCES FOR YOU TO USE AND TO SHARE

WHERE TO FIND SUPPORT

  • The Waiting Room – A central place which brings together websites, who provide help and support across Birimngham and Solihull: the-waitingroom.org

Page Last Modified:  18/11/2024 10:10